anycast: kernel multipath route + L4 hash for multi-pod-per-node

Move pure resolver logic out of anycast_linux.go into anycast.go so it's
unit-testable on any host. Reshape anycastTarget from a single
{hostIface, via} into a sorted list of nexthops; multiple Ready pods on
the same node binding the same anycast IP now contribute one nexthop
each.

installAnycastRoute uses RTA_MULTIPATH (via netlink.Route.MultiPath)
when the target has more than one nexthop. Single-nexthop targets keep
the simple via-route shape so 1-pod-per-node keeps rendering identically
to today's production form in `ip route show`.

flock-agent writes net.ipv{4,6}.fib_multipath_hash_policy = 1 at
startup so the kernel hashes flows on (saddr, daddr, sport, dport, proto)
rather than just IPs. Best-effort — runs privileged in production, so
it works; falls back to L3 hash on environments where the write fails
(only matters for the multi-pod-per-node case anyway).

resolveAnycastTargets sorts nexthops by canonical(via) for stable
comparison so a quiet reconcile pass doesn't churn the kernel route.

8 new unit tests cover: 1-pod, 2-pods-same-anycast (multi-nexthop),
NotReady drop, no-Ready omits the IP, pending skipped, mixed v6+v4,
family mismatch warns, determinism.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

pkg/agent/anycast.go

@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+package agent
+
+import (
+	"net"
+	"sort"
+)
+
+// anycastNexthop is one (host-side veth, pod-eth0-IP) pair the kernel route
+// can use as a multipath nexthop.
+type anycastNexthop struct {
+	hostIface string
+	via       net.IP
+}
+
+// anycastTarget describes the kernel route shape for one advertised anycast
+// IP. When more than one Ready pod on this node binds the same anycast IP,
+// every Ready pod contributes a nexthop and the kernel does per-flow ECMP
+// across them.
+//
+// nexthops is sorted by canonical(via) for deterministic comparison and
+// stable kernel-route ordering across reconcile passes — the
+// AnycastReconciler skips kernel writes when the new and old targets are
+// equal, which only works if the slice order is stable.
+type anycastTarget struct {
+	nexthops []anycastNexthop
+}
+
+// equal reports whether two targets describe the same kernel route.
+// Both sides are expected to be sorted (the canonical constructor sorts).
+func (t anycastTarget) equal(o anycastTarget) bool {
+	if len(t.nexthops) != len(o.nexthops) {
+		return false
+	}
+	for i := range t.nexthops {
+		if t.nexthops[i].hostIface != o.nexthops[i].hostIface {
+			return false
+		}
+		if !t.nexthops[i].via.Equal(o.nexthops[i].via) {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+	return true
+}
+
+// resolveAnycastTargets walks the committed allocation set and returns the
+// desired kernel-route shape for every anycast IP that has at least one
+// Ready local pod binding it. Multiple Ready pods sharing the same anycast
+// IP collapse into a single multi-nexthop target so the kernel can
+// per-flow ECMP across them.
+//
+// Pure: no kernel calls, no informer access. Pods are surfaced via the
+// isReady callback so the reconciler can plug in its informer; tests can
+// pass any function that satisfies the signature.
+//
+// warn is invoked for human-facing skip reasons (e.g. anycast with no
+// unicast of same family). nil-safe — pass nil to silently drop.
+func resolveAnycastTargets(
+	allocations []Allocation,
+	isReady func(namespace, name string) bool,
+	warn func(string),
+) map[string]anycastTarget {
+	if warn == nil {
+		warn = func(string) {}
+	}
+	out := map[string]anycastTarget{}
+	for _, a := range allocations {
+		if a.State != StateCommitted || len(a.Anycast) == 0 {
+			continue
+		}
+		if !isReady(a.Namespace, a.PodName) {
+			continue
+		}
+		host := HostIfaceName(a.ContainerID)
+		via6 := net.ParseIP(a.IP6)
+		via4 := net.ParseIP(a.IP4)
+		for _, ipStr := range a.Anycast {
+			ip := net.ParseIP(ipStr)
+			if ip == nil {
+				continue
+			}
+			var via net.IP
+			if ip.To4() != nil {
+				via = via4
+			} else {
+				via = via6
+			}
+			if via == nil {
+				warn("anycast " + ipStr + " skipped: pod " +
+					a.Namespace + "/" + a.PodName +
+					" has no unicast of same family")
+				continue
+			}
+			key := canonical(ip)
+			t := out[key]
+			t.nexthops = append(t.nexthops, anycastNexthop{hostIface: host, via: via})
+			out[key] = t
+		}
+	}
+	// Sort each target's nexthops for stable comparison + stable kernel
+	// ordering. Sort key is canonical(via) — sufficient for stability
+	// because (host, via) pairs are 1:1 (one veth per pod, one v6+v4 per
+	// pod, so via uniquely identifies the nexthop).
+	for k, t := range out {
+		sort.Slice(t.nexthops, func(i, j int) bool {
+			return canonical(t.nexthops[i].via) < canonical(t.nexthops[j].via)
+		})
+		out[k] = t
+	}
+	return out
+}

pkg/agent/anycast_linux.go

@@ -26,6 +26,11 @@ import (
 //   - Pod transitions to Ready=False or DELETE → remove kernel route, remove
 //     from BIRD export.
 //
+// When more than one Ready pod on this node binds the same anycast IP, the
+// kernel route uses RTA_MULTIPATH so the kernel does per-flow ECMP across
+// the contributing pods. This is the within-node companion to BGP-level
+// ECMP across nodes.
+//
 // Reconcile is idempotent. Triggers: AfterCommit hook, Pod informer
 // UpdateFunc on Ready transitions, periodic 2s tick.
 type AnycastReconciler struct {
@@ -42,13 +47,6 @@ type AnycastReconciler struct {
 	trigger    chan struct{}
 }
 
-// anycastTarget describes the kernel route shape for one advertised
-// anycast IP: which veth, and which pod eth0 IP to use as next-hop.
-type anycastTarget struct {
-	hostIface string
-	via       net.IP
-}
-
 // NewAnycastReconciler returns a Reconciler ready to Run.
 func NewAnycastReconciler(node string, store *Store, pods *PodCache, nc *NodeConfigCache, bird *BirdManager, routerID string, logger *slog.Logger) *AnycastReconciler {
 	return &AnycastReconciler{
@@ -96,25 +94,26 @@ func (r *AnycastReconciler) reconcile() {
 
 	desired := r.computeDesired()
 
-	// Install routes that should exist but don't (or whose target changed).
+	// Install routes that should exist but don't, or whose nexthop set
+	// changed.
 	for ip, t := range desired {
-		if cur, ok := r.advertised[ip]; ok && cur.hostIface == t.hostIface && cur.via.Equal(t.via) {
+		if cur, ok := r.advertised[ip]; ok && cur.equal(t) {
 			continue
 		}
 		if err := installAnycastRoute(ip, t); err != nil {
-			r.Logger.Warn("anycast install", "ip", ip, "host", t.hostIface, "via", t.via, "err", err)
+			r.Logger.Warn("anycast install", "ip", ip, "nexthops", len(t.nexthops), "err", err)
 			continue
 		}
-		r.Logger.Info("anycast advertise", "ip", ip, "host", t.hostIface, "via", t.via)
+		r.Logger.Info("anycast advertise", "ip", ip, "nexthops", describeNexthops(t))
 		r.advertised[ip] = t
 	}
 	// Remove routes that exist but shouldn't.
 	for ip, t := range r.advertised {
 		if _, want := desired[ip]; !want {
 			if err := removeAnycastRoute(ip, t); err != nil {
-				r.Logger.Warn("anycast remove", "ip", ip, "host", t.hostIface, "err", err)
+				r.Logger.Warn("anycast remove", "ip", ip, "err", err)
 			} else {
-				r.Logger.Info("anycast withdraw", "ip", ip, "host", t.hostIface)
+				r.Logger.Info("anycast withdraw", "ip", ip)
 			}
 			delete(r.advertised, ip)
 		}
@@ -124,44 +123,17 @@ func (r *AnycastReconciler) reconcile() {
 	r.renderBird(desired)
 }
 
-// computeDesired walks the Store and returns the per-ip anycastTarget for
-// every anycast advertisement that should be active right now. Each target
-// uses the pod's own eth0 IP (same family) as the route's `via` next-hop —
-// that way kernel NDP/ARP resolves the eth0 address, which IS configured
-// on the pod's eth0, so the pod responds normally without proxy_ndp.
+// computeDesired delegates to the pure resolveAnycastTargets and plugs in
+// the live informer-based isReady callback.
 func (r *AnycastReconciler) computeDesired() map[string]anycastTarget {
-	out := map[string]anycastTarget{}
-	for _, a := range r.Store.Snapshot() {
-		if a.State != StateCommitted || len(a.Anycast) == 0 {
-			continue
-		}
-		pod, ok := r.Pods.Get(a.Namespace, a.PodName)
-		if !ok || !podReady(pod) {
-			continue
-		}
-		host := HostIfaceName(a.ContainerID)
-		via6 := net.ParseIP(a.IP6)
-		via4 := net.ParseIP(a.IP4)
-		for _, ipStr := range a.Anycast {
-			ip := net.ParseIP(ipStr)
-			if ip == nil {
-				continue
-			}
-			var via net.IP
-			if ip.To4() != nil {
-				via = via4
-			} else {
-				via = via6
-			}
-			if via == nil {
-				r.Logger.Warn("anycast skipped: pod has no unicast IP of same family",
-					"pod", a.Namespace+"/"+a.PodName, "anycast", ipStr)
-				continue
-			}
-			out[canonical(ip)] = anycastTarget{hostIface: host, via: via}
-		}
-	}
-	return out
+	return resolveAnycastTargets(
+		r.Store.Snapshot(),
+		func(ns, name string) bool {
+			pod, ok := r.Pods.Get(ns, name)
+			return ok && podReady(pod)
+		},
+		func(s string) { r.Logger.Warn(s) },
+	)
 }
 
 func (r *AnycastReconciler) renderBird(desired map[string]anycastTarget) {
@@ -186,56 +158,71 @@ func (r *AnycastReconciler) renderBird(desired map[string]anycastTarget) {
 	}
 }
 
-// installAnycastRoute installs `<ipStr>/<128|32> via t.via dev t.hostIface`.
+// installAnycastRoute installs `<ipStr>/<128|32>` pointing at the
+// nexthop set in t. With one nexthop the route is a plain via-route;
+// with multiple, it's a multipath route using RTA_MULTIPATH so the
+// kernel hashes flows across the constituent pods.
+//
 // Idempotent — RouteReplace overwrites a stale entry.
 func installAnycastRoute(ipStr string, t anycastTarget) error {
 	ip := net.ParseIP(ipStr)
 	if ip == nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("bad ip %q", ipStr)
 	}
-	link, err := netlink.LinkByName(t.hostIface)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("lookup %s: %w", t.hostIface, err)
+	if len(t.nexthops) == 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("anycast %s: no nexthops", ipStr)
 	}
 	prefix := 128
 	if ip.To4() != nil {
 		prefix = 32
 		ip = ip.To4()
 	}
-	r := &netlink.Route{
-		LinkIndex: link.Attrs().Index,
-		Dst:       cidrFor(ip, prefix),
-		Gw:        t.via,
-		// SCOPE_UNIVERSE — the gateway is on a different "logical" subnet
-		// than the local /128 route, but reachable on this veth. Linux is
-		// happy as long as the veth has IPv6 forwarding on (it does — set
-		// in configureHostSide) and the pod's eth0 has the via address
-		// (also true — that's the pod's IP6/IP4 we allocated).
+	r := &netlink.Route{Dst: cidrFor(ip, prefix)}
+	if len(t.nexthops) == 1 {
+		// Single nexthop — keep the route shape identical to today's
+		// production form. Functionally equivalent to a 1-element
+		// MultiPath but `ip route show` renders nicer for operators.
+		nh := t.nexthops[0]
+		link, err := netlink.LinkByName(nh.hostIface)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("lookup %s: %w", nh.hostIface, err)
+		}
+		r.LinkIndex = link.Attrs().Index
+		r.Gw = nh.via
+	} else {
+		hops := make([]*netlink.NexthopInfo, 0, len(t.nexthops))
+		for _, nh := range t.nexthops {
+			link, err := netlink.LinkByName(nh.hostIface)
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("lookup %s: %w", nh.hostIface, err)
+			}
+			hops = append(hops, &netlink.NexthopInfo{
+				LinkIndex: link.Attrs().Index,
+				Gw:        nh.via,
+				Hops:      0,
+			})
+		}
+		r.MultiPath = hops
 	}
 	return netlink.RouteReplace(r)
 }
 
 // removeAnycastRoute deletes the host route. Missing routes / interfaces
 // are treated as success — DEL paths can race with veth teardown.
-func removeAnycastRoute(ipStr string, t anycastTarget) error {
+//
+// Kernel route deletion matches by destination prefix; we don't need to
+// re-specify the nexthop set.
+func removeAnycastRoute(ipStr string, _ anycastTarget) error {
 	ip := net.ParseIP(ipStr)
 	if ip == nil {
 		return nil
 	}
-	link, err := netlink.LinkByName(t.hostIface)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil
-	}
 	prefix := 128
 	if ip.To4() != nil {
 		prefix = 32
 		ip = ip.To4()
 	}
-	r := &netlink.Route{
-		LinkIndex: link.Attrs().Index,
-		Dst:       cidrFor(ip, prefix),
-		Gw:        t.via,
-	}
+	r := &netlink.Route{Dst: cidrFor(ip, prefix)}
 	if err := netlink.RouteDel(r); err != nil {
 		// ESRCH ("no such process") is netlink-speak for "no such route";
 		// treat as success.
@@ -247,5 +234,17 @@ func removeAnycastRoute(ipStr string, t anycastTarget) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+// describeNexthops returns a compact string for log messages.
+func describeNexthops(t anycastTarget) string {
+	var s string
+	for i, nh := range t.nexthops {
+		if i > 0 {
+			s += ","
+		}
+		s += nh.hostIface + "→" + nh.via.String()
+	}
+	return s
+}
+
 // _ = flockv1alpha1 to silence unused import warnings on minimal builds.
 var _ = flockv1alpha1.GroupName

pkg/agent/anycast_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,227 @@
+package agent
+
+import (
+	"net"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+// allReady is a convenience isReady that says yes to every pod.
+func allReady(_, _ string) bool { return true }
+
+// readyOnly returns an isReady that only says yes to the named pods.
+func readyOnly(want ...string) func(string, string) bool {
+	set := map[string]struct{}{}
+	for _, n := range want {
+		set[n] = struct{}{}
+	}
+	return func(_, name string) bool {
+		_, ok := set[name]
+		return ok
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResolveAnycastTargets_OnePodOneAnycast(t *testing.T) {
+	allocs := []Allocation{{
+		ContainerID: "c1", Namespace: "ns", PodName: "pod-a",
+		State:       StateCommitted,
+		IP6:         "2001:db8::1",
+		Anycast:     []string{"2001:db8:a::1"},
+	}}
+	out := resolveAnycastTargets(allocs, allReady, nil)
+	if len(out) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 1 anycast IP, got %d", len(out))
+	}
+	tgt, ok := out["2001:db8:a::1"]
+	if !ok {
+		t.Fatalf("missing target")
+	}
+	if len(tgt.nexthops) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 1 nexthop, got %d", len(tgt.nexthops))
+	}
+	if !tgt.nexthops[0].via.Equal(net.ParseIP("2001:db8::1")) {
+		t.Fatalf("nexthop via wrong: %v", tgt.nexthops[0].via)
+	}
+}
+
+// Two pods on the same node binding the same anycast IP must produce a
+// SINGLE target with TWO nexthops. The previous behaviour (overwriting)
+// was the bug this whole change exists to fix.
+func TestResolveAnycastTargets_TwoPodsSameAnycast_MultiNexthop(t *testing.T) {
+	allocs := []Allocation{
+		{ContainerID: "c1", Namespace: "ns", PodName: "pod-a",
+			State: StateCommitted, IP6: "2001:db8::2",
+			Anycast: []string{"2001:db8:a::1"}},
+		{ContainerID: "c2", Namespace: "ns", PodName: "pod-b",
+			State: StateCommitted, IP6: "2001:db8::1",
+			Anycast: []string{"2001:db8:a::1"}},
+	}
+	out := resolveAnycastTargets(allocs, allReady, nil)
+	tgt := out["2001:db8:a::1"]
+	if len(tgt.nexthops) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 2 nexthops, got %d", len(tgt.nexthops))
+	}
+	// Order should be sorted by canonical(via) — ::1 before ::2.
+	if !tgt.nexthops[0].via.Equal(net.ParseIP("2001:db8::1")) {
+		t.Fatalf("nexthops not sorted by via; got %v first", tgt.nexthops[0].via)
+	}
+	if !tgt.nexthops[1].via.Equal(net.ParseIP("2001:db8::2")) {
+		t.Fatalf("nexthops not sorted by via; got %v second", tgt.nexthops[1].via)
+	}
+	// HostIface differs per pod (different containerID → different FNV).
+	if tgt.nexthops[0].hostIface == tgt.nexthops[1].hostIface {
+		t.Fatalf("expected distinct hostIfaces, both %q", tgt.nexthops[0].hostIface)
+	}
+}
+
+// When one of the contributing pods goes NotReady, only the remaining
+// Ready pod should appear in the target's nexthop set.
+func TestResolveAnycastTargets_NotReadyDropped(t *testing.T) {
+	allocs := []Allocation{
+		{ContainerID: "c1", Namespace: "ns", PodName: "pod-a",
+			State: StateCommitted, IP6: "2001:db8::1",
+			Anycast: []string{"2001:db8:a::1"}},
+		{ContainerID: "c2", Namespace: "ns", PodName: "pod-b",
+			State: StateCommitted, IP6: "2001:db8::2",
+			Anycast: []string{"2001:db8:a::1"}},
+	}
+	out := resolveAnycastTargets(allocs, readyOnly("pod-a"), nil)
+	tgt := out["2001:db8:a::1"]
+	if len(tgt.nexthops) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 1 nexthop after NotReady drop, got %d", len(tgt.nexthops))
+	}
+	if !tgt.nexthops[0].via.Equal(net.ParseIP("2001:db8::1")) {
+		t.Fatalf("wrong surviving nexthop: %v", tgt.nexthops[0].via)
+	}
+}
+
+// Pods that haven't reached Ready are excluded entirely from the target
+// set. If no pod is Ready for an anycast IP, that IP is absent from the
+// output (BIRD will withdraw from BGP, kernel route will be removed).
+func TestResolveAnycastTargets_NoReadyPodsOmitsIP(t *testing.T) {
+	allocs := []Allocation{
+		{ContainerID: "c1", Namespace: "ns", PodName: "pod-a",
+			State: StateCommitted, IP6: "2001:db8::1",
+			Anycast: []string{"2001:db8:a::1"}},
+	}
+	out := resolveAnycastTargets(allocs, readyOnly( /* none */ ), nil)
+	if _, ok := out["2001:db8:a::1"]; ok {
+		t.Fatalf("anycast should be absent when no pod ready")
+	}
+}
+
+// Pending allocations (CNI ADD partway through) are skipped even if the
+// pod is Ready — we don't program kernel routes for partial setups.
+func TestResolveAnycastTargets_PendingSkipped(t *testing.T) {
+	allocs := []Allocation{
+		{ContainerID: "c1", Namespace: "ns", PodName: "pod-a",
+			State: StatePending, IP6: "2001:db8::1",
+			Anycast: []string{"2001:db8:a::1"}},
+	}
+	out := resolveAnycastTargets(allocs, allReady, nil)
+	if len(out) != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("pending allocations must be skipped")
+	}
+}
+
+// Mixed v6+v4 anycast on the same pod produces two separate target
+// entries, one per family, each anchored on the matching unicast IP.
+func TestResolveAnycastTargets_MixedFamilies(t *testing.T) {
+	allocs := []Allocation{{
+		ContainerID: "c1", Namespace: "ns", PodName: "pod-a",
+		State:       StateCommitted,
+		IP6:         "2001:db8::1",
+		IP4:         "10.0.0.1",
+		Anycast:     []string{"2001:db8:a::1", "10.255.0.1"},
+	}}
+	out := resolveAnycastTargets(allocs, allReady, nil)
+	if !out["2001:db8:a::1"].nexthops[0].via.Equal(net.ParseIP("2001:db8::1")) {
+		t.Fatalf("v6 anycast should resolve via v6 unicast")
+	}
+	if !out["10.255.0.1"].nexthops[0].via.Equal(net.ParseIP("10.0.0.1").To4()) {
+		t.Fatalf("v4 anycast should resolve via v4 unicast")
+	}
+}
+
+// An anycast whose family has no matching unicast on the pod is skipped
+// with a warning. Other anycast IPs on the same pod are unaffected.
+func TestResolveAnycastTargets_FamilyMismatchWarns(t *testing.T) {
+	allocs := []Allocation{{
+		ContainerID: "c1", Namespace: "ns", PodName: "pod-a",
+		State:       StateCommitted,
+		IP6:         "2001:db8::1", // v6 only
+		Anycast:     []string{"2001:db8:a::1", "10.255.0.1"},
+	}}
+	var warns []string
+	out := resolveAnycastTargets(allocs, allReady, func(s string) { warns = append(warns, s) })
+	if _, has := out["2001:db8:a::1"]; !has {
+		t.Fatalf("v6 anycast should have been programmed")
+	}
+	if _, has := out["10.255.0.1"]; has {
+		t.Fatalf("v4 anycast should have been skipped")
+	}
+	if len(warns) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 1 warning, got %d: %v", len(warns), warns)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(warns[0], "10.255.0.1") {
+		t.Fatalf("warning should mention skipped IP: %q", warns[0])
+	}
+}
+
+// Determinism: the same input must produce nexthops in the same order.
+func TestResolveAnycastTargets_Determinism(t *testing.T) {
+	allocs := []Allocation{
+		{ContainerID: "z-late", Namespace: "ns", PodName: "z",
+			State: StateCommitted, IP6: "2001:db8::5",
+			Anycast: []string{"2001:db8:a::1"}},
+		{ContainerID: "a-early", Namespace: "ns", PodName: "a",
+			State: StateCommitted, IP6: "2001:db8::3",
+			Anycast: []string{"2001:db8:a::1"}},
+		{ContainerID: "m-mid", Namespace: "ns", PodName: "m",
+			State: StateCommitted, IP6: "2001:db8::4",
+			Anycast: []string{"2001:db8:a::1"}},
+	}
+	a := resolveAnycastTargets(allocs, allReady, nil)
+	b := resolveAnycastTargets(allocs, allReady, nil)
+	if !a["2001:db8:a::1"].equal(b["2001:db8:a::1"]) {
+		t.Fatalf("same input produced unequal targets")
+	}
+	// Sorted by canonical(via): ::3, ::4, ::5
+	via := a["2001:db8:a::1"].nexthops
+	if !via[0].via.Equal(net.ParseIP("2001:db8::3")) ||
+		!via[1].via.Equal(net.ParseIP("2001:db8::4")) ||
+		!via[2].via.Equal(net.ParseIP("2001:db8::5")) {
+		t.Fatalf("nexthops not stably sorted: %v %v %v", via[0].via, via[1].via, via[2].via)
+	}
+}
+
+// equal()'s contract — different orderings are still considered equal
+// AS LONG AS both sides have been canonicalised by resolveAnycastTargets.
+// Across-call comparisons of resolver outputs must always match for the
+// same logical input.
+func TestAnycastTarget_Equal(t *testing.T) {
+	a := anycastTarget{nexthops: []anycastNexthop{
+		{hostIface: "f1", via: net.ParseIP("2001:db8::1")},
+		{hostIface: "f2", via: net.ParseIP("2001:db8::2")},
+	}}
+	b := anycastTarget{nexthops: []anycastNexthop{
+		{hostIface: "f1", via: net.ParseIP("2001:db8::1")},
+		{hostIface: "f2", via: net.ParseIP("2001:db8::2")},
+	}}
+	if !a.equal(b) {
+		t.Fatalf("equal targets reported unequal")
+	}
+	c := anycastTarget{nexthops: []anycastNexthop{
+		{hostIface: "f1", via: net.ParseIP("2001:db8::1")},
+	}}
+	if a.equal(c) {
+		t.Fatalf("targets with different lengths reported equal")
+	}
+	d := anycastTarget{nexthops: []anycastNexthop{
+		{hostIface: "f1", via: net.ParseIP("2001:db8::1")},
+		{hostIface: "f2", via: net.ParseIP("2001:db8::3")}, // diff IP
+	}}
+	if a.equal(d) {
+		t.Fatalf("targets with different vias reported equal")
+	}
+}

pkg/agent/runtime_linux.go

@@ -6,11 +6,36 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
 	"net"
+	"os"
 	"time"
 
 	"code.fritzlab.net/fritzlab/flock/pkg/agent/netpol"
 )
 
+// hostMultipathHashSysctls is the set of node-level sysctls flock-agent
+// best-effort writes at startup. Default policy 0 hashes only on
+// (saddr, daddr); policy 1 adds L4 (sport, dport, proto), giving real
+// per-connection ECMP across multipath nexthops — required for sensible
+// distribution across multiple anycast pods on the same node.
+var hostMultipathHashSysctls = map[string]string{
+	"/proc/sys/net/ipv4/fib_multipath_hash_policy": "1",
+	"/proc/sys/net/ipv6/fib_multipath_hash_policy": "1",
+}
+
+// applyHostSysctls writes the sysctls in m, logging but not failing on
+// errors. flock-agent is privileged so this works in the production
+// DaemonSet; in environments where it doesn't, single-pod-per-node
+// anycast still works (this only affects the multi-pod-per-node case).
+func applyHostSysctls(s *Server) {
+	for path, value := range hostMultipathHashSysctls {
+		if err := os.WriteFile(path, []byte(value), 0o644); err != nil {
+			s.Logger.Warn("set host sysctl", "path", path, "value", value, "err", err)
+			continue
+		}
+		s.Logger.Info("host sysctl set", "path", path, "value", value)
+	}
+}
+
 // configureRuntime wires Pod informer, IPAM, netlink, and BIRD on a real
 // Linux node. Steps:
 //
@@ -23,6 +48,8 @@ import (
 //  5. Build PodHandler and SetHandlers(add, del, check).
 //  6. Install BIRD blackhole summary routes + render initial config.
 func (s *Server) configureRuntime(ctx context.Context) error {
+	applyHostSysctls(s)
+
 	if err := s.firstAvailableNodeConfig(ctx, 60*time.Second); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}